![]() ![]() ![]() The searched studies were strictly limited to human cohort studies or case-control studies in English language. Additional possible relevant publications were identified by reviewing the references lists of retrieved articles and published meta-analysis. The following search strategy was used: (congenital heart defects OR congenital malformations OR birth defects OR CHD OR CHDs) AND (overweight OR obesity OR body mass index OR BMI). We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases to April 31, 2018, for studies on the relationship between maternal BMI and infants with CHDs. Our aim was to clearly delineate the shape of the dose-response relationship between maternal BMI and CHDs in infants and to examine the possibility of the nonlinear relationships. Therefore, the evidence from these observational studies has been inconsistent.Īs the dose-response meta-analysis is a reliable quantitative measure of causality, in our study, we conducted a dose-response meta-analysis on maternal BMI and the risk of CHDs in infants by synthesizing the results of published original studies. demonstrated that there was no significant association between increased maternal BMI and increased CHDs risk in offspring. also confirmed the positive association in their study. suggested that maternal obesity significantly increased the risk of CHDs in infants, and Brite et al. For example, one cohort study by Persson et al. The association between maternal obesity and CHDs in infants has been widely reported, but the results are not consistent. Data from epidemiological research showed that women of childbearing age accounted for a large proportion of obese population. Obesity has become a major public health problem that challenges both developed and developing countries. However, there are still some potential risk factors that have not been fully confirmed, such as maternal obesity. The exact etiologies of CHDs are complex, several causes such as genetic factors, physical and chemical factors, infection during pregnancy, medication during pregnancy, and mental health status or diseases during pregnancy have been identified. Identifying modifiable risk factors of infants with CHDs remains important for public health and clinical medicine. It is reported that the number of infants with CHDs worldwide has notably increased with more than one million annually. ![]() Epidemiological investigations have documented that the prevalence of CHDs in infants is differentiated in regions with an estimated prevalence of 4 to 10 cases per 1,000 births. As the serious medical problem, CHDs play a very important role in the death of newborns and infants. IntroductionĬongenital heart defects (CHDs), which account for nearly one-third of all major congenital anomalies, are the most common birth defects in newborns. The results from our meta-analysis indicate that increased maternal BMI is related to increased risk of CHDs in infants. A nonlinear relationship between maternal BMI and risk of infants with CHDs was also found ( p=0.012). According to the findings from the linear meta-analysis, we observed an increased risk of infants with CHDs (RR=1.07, 95% CI=1.06-1.08) for each 5 kg/m 2 increase in maternal BMI. Compared with the mothers with normal weight, the pooled relative risks (RRs) of infants with CHDs were 1.08 (95% CI=1.03-1.13) in overweight and 1.23 (95% CI=1.17-1.29) in obese mothers. Nineteen studies with 2,416,546 participants were included in our meta-analysis. Heterogeneity, subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis, and publication bias were also assessed. Random-effect models and dose-response meta-analysis were used to synthesize the results. The studies were limited to human cohort or case-control studies in English language. PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched to identify all related studies. This study aims to further clarify the relationship between maternal obesity and the risk of CHDs in infants by an overall and dose-response meta-analysis. The exact shape of the dose-response relationship between maternal body mass index (BMI) and the risk of congenital heart defects (CHDs) in infants has not been clearly defined yet. ![]()
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